Among the simplest organisms are many animal and human parasites.Listed below are the parasitic protozoa that cause the most serious and common diseases.
Dysenteric amoeba
The dysenteric amoeba is similar to the common amoeba, but smaller and has a shorter and wider rhizome.In the cystic stage, it enters the human digestive system through the mouth.In the large intestine, the amoeba emerges from the cyst and feeds on bacteria without harming the person.After that, this simple organism begins to penetrate the intestinal wall, feeds on red blood cells and becomes a parasite.Ulcers form in the intestines, which exhaust the human body.Amoebic dysentery or amebiasis occurs.
Dysenteric amoeba can enter the bloodstream and reach the liver.Here, too, the parasite leads to the formation of purulent ulcers.
Amoebas that form cysts leave the human body with undigested food residue.Light cysts spread easily.If you don't wash your hands and wash food, you can get infected.
Plasmodium malaria
Plasmodium is a parasitic protozoan.Some species of Plasmodium cause malaria in humans.The carrier of the malaria plasmodium is the malaria mosquito.During an insect bite, Plasmodium enters the bloodstream of the host.Together with the blood, it reaches the liver, where it feeds, grows and reproduces.After that, many plasmodia re-enter the bloodstream and begin to parasitize red blood cells, destroying them and releasing their waste products that poison the host.A person develops a fever and suffers from anemia.
If a person with malaria is bitten again by a malaria mosquito, the plasmodia are transferred from the person to the mosquito.Plasmodium reproduces sexually in the mosquito's body.
Malaria is common in Africa.This is a very dangerous disease.Among other things, they fight against malaria by killing the mosquitoes that carry malaria.
Trypanosomes
The genus Trypanosomes consists of parasitic protozoans that have flagella (closely related to Euglena).Their main hosts are vertebrates, and their carriers are usually insects.Different representatives of trypanosomes cause different diseases in animals and humans.They mainly parasitize in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid.The most famous and common disease caused by trypanosomes is sleep disorder.
The vector of sleeping sickness is the tsetse fly.This disease is characteristic of tropical Africa.The sleep disorder develops in two stages: in the first weeks, the person is tormented by fever and pain, after a month or more, drowsiness, sleep and coordination disorders, and changes in consciousness occur.The disease is easier to treat in the first stage.
Giardia
Giardia is a genus of flagellated parasitic protozoa.Intestinal lamblia causes giardiasis in humans and animals, in which the parasite lives in the small intestine.
A person becomes infected with giardiasis by eating unwashed food containing Giardia cysts.Once removed from the cyst, the lamblia adheres to the intestines and feeds on digested food.
Leishmania
Leishmania is another genus of parasitic protozoa.They cause leishmaniasis in humans and many other animals.The carriers are mosquitoes.
Different types of leishmaniasis are associated with damage to different tissues of the body.One is Pendensky's ulcer skin disease.
Coccidia
Coccidia are parasites of many animals, including worms, arthropods, and fish.They cause coccidiosis diseases that cause serious damage to livestock and fish farming.
Coccidia settle in the form of spores containing parasitic cells.
Coccidia include the genus Toxoplasma.Their representatives cause such a widespread disease in humans as toxoplasmosis.A person becomes infected from a pet or poorly prepared meat.Toxoplasma affects many organs, including the nervous system.